GUWAHATI: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has disclosed plans for the launch of Chandrayaan-4, a mission aimed at bringing back samples from the Moon within the next four years. Speaking to the media on December 14, ISRO Chairperson S Somanath outlined this vision while elaborating on the space agency's ambitious plan, Vision 2047.
The space agency is also gearing up for a significant experiment in the next three to four months, known as SPADEX, to showcase autonomous docking capabilities. This experiment involves launching two connected satellites, allowing them to separate, travel independently for a few kilometres, and then autonomously reconnect, reports stated.
Additionally, the first module of the Bharatiya Antariksh Station, India's proposed space station, capable of conducting experiments using robots, is reportedly scheduled for launch by 2028.
Somanath emphasised the need for additional technology for a sample-return mission, including the development of a robotic arm for sample collection, docking mechanisms in both Moon and Earth orbits, sample transfer, and re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere—a capability also integral to the upcoming Gaganyaan mission.
The mission to return samples poses intricate challenges, requiring the ascender module to collect samples, dock with another craft in Moon orbit, transfer the samples, and then initiate the return journey to Earth. In Earth orbit, the spacecraft will need to dock with another module before splashdown in the sea using parachutes.
ISRO is also reportedly involved in ongoing efforts to develop an inflatable habitat module for astronauts to conduct experiments and move freely. Moreover, ISRO is exploring technologies such as satellite refueling and a Servicer Module with robotic arms for satellite maintenance and replacement.
To realise the vision of a space station, ISRO is also reportedly designing the Next Generation Launch Vehicle (NGLV) with a capacity to carry 16 to 25 tons to low Earth orbit. The space agency is also engaged in discussions with NASA and the European Space Agency for a common interface between the Indian space station and those of other countries, fostering potential collaboration and joint projects.
