The Bharalu River is a crucial waterway in Guwahati, serving both ecological and socio-economic functions. It is a tributary of the Brahmaputra River and flows through the heart of the city, impacting the environment, drainage, and urban planning.
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1. Drainage and Flood Management: The Bharalu acts as a natural drainage system, carrying storm water and excess rainwater from various parts of Guwahati to the Brahmaputra. It helps in flood mitigation, preventing waterlogging in low-lying areas during heavy monsoons.
2. Historical and Cultural Significance: Historically, the Bharalu River was a lifeline for trade and transportation in early Guwahati. Many settlements and markets developed along its banks, contributing to the city’s growth. The river also holds religious importance, as several temples and cultural sites are located near its course.
3. Ecological Importance: The river supports aquatic biodiversity and provides habitat for small fish and other species. Greenery along its banks helps in maintaining air quality and temperature regulation in the urban environment.
4. Water Supply and Utility: Although largely polluted today, the Bharalu once served as a water source for domestic and agricultural purposes. Efforts are being made to restore its water quality and improve its utility.
5. Environmental Challenges and Conservation Efforts: Due to urbanisation and pollution, the Bharalu has suffered significant environmental degradation. Unchecked dumping of sewage and industrial waste has turned it into a heavily polluted river. Conservation initiatives by the Guwahati Municipal Corporation (GMC) and Pollution Control Board aim to revive the river through wastewater treatment, afforestation, and waste management programs.
Conclusion-
Despite its current challenges, the Bharalu River remains an integral part of Guwahati’s ecosystem and urban infrastructure. Sustainable management and community involvement are necessary to restore its health and ensure that it continues to benefit the city. Proper waste disposal, pollution control, and rejuvenation projects can transform the Bharalu into a cleaner and more resourceful river for future generations.
(The author is an Ex-Joint Director of Agriculture, Assam. All views and opinions expressed are author’s own)
